Menene AVIF?
Tsarin hoto na zamani da ke isar da matsi mafi kyau da goyan bayan HDR
AVIF (AV1 Image File Format) tsari ne na hoto na zamani da Alliance for Open Media (AOMedia) ta daidaita a shekarar 2019, ƙungiya mai haɗa Google, Apple, Mozilla, Netflix, da Amazon. An samo shi daga AV1 video codec kuma ana adana shi a cikin tsarin kwalban HEIF, yana isar da ingancin matsi na zamani.
An ƙirƙiri AVIF don zama magaji mai buɗewa, marar kuɗin haƙƙin mallaka ga JPEG da HEIC. Yana cimma girman fayiloli mafi ƙanƙanta sosai fiye da JPEG a ingancin gani iri ɗaya, tare da goyan bayan fasali na ci gaba kamar daukar hoto na HDR, launi mai faɗi, bayyana alpha, da motsi a tsari guda.
Goyan bayan mai duba yanar gizo don AVIF ya ƙaru da sauri, tare da Chrome, Firefox, Safari, da Edge duk suna goyan bayan shi ta asali. Manyan ayyuka kamar Netflix da Cloudflare suna amfani da AVIF sosai. Yayin da gudun fassara ke ingantawa da goyan bayan kayan aiki ke yaɗuwa, AVIF yana sanya kansa ya zama tsarin hoto mai rinjaye na yanar gizo.
Bayanan fasaha
| Sunan cikakke | AV1 Image File Format |
| Tsawaitan fayil | .avif |
| Nau'in MIME | image/avif |
| Matsi | Mai asara da marasa asara (AV1-based) |
| Zurfin launi | Har zuwa 12-bit HDR + haɗin sauti alpha |
| Bayyana | Haɗin sauti alpha cikakke ana goyan baya |
| Motsi | Ana goyan baya (AVIF sequences) |
| Girman mafi yawa | 65,536 × 65,536 pixels |
| Bayanan meta | EXIF, XMP, ICC profiles, HDR metadata |
| Shekarar fito | 2019 |
Lokacin amfani da AVIF
- Shafukan yanar gizo da ke fifita mafi ƙanƙancin girman fayil don mafi girman aikin
- Abubuwan hotografi inda matsi na AVIF ke isar da inganci mafi ganuwa fiye da JPEG
- Daukar hoto na HDR da hotuna masu launi mai faɗi da ke wuce iyakancin launi 8-bit
- Manhajojiyi na yanar gizo na zamani da ke nufi masu duba yanar gizo da aka fitar bayan 2021 tare da goyan bayan AVIF
- Dandamalin da ke da yawa da hotuna inda tanadin bandwidth a sikeli yana fassara zuwa rage farashin muhimmanci
Fa'idoji da rashin fa'idoji
Fa'idoji
- Har zuwa kashi 50% mafi ƙanƙanta fiye da JPEG a ingancin gani iri ɗaya
- Goyan bayan HDR da launi mai faɗi tare da zurfi har zuwa 12-bit
- Marar kuɗin haƙƙin mallaka kuma ma'auni buɗaɗɗe wanda manyan kamfanonin fasaha ke bayan sa
- Mai kyau sosai wajen kiyaye ƙayyadaddun bayani a yankuna masu ƙarancin bambanci inda JPEG ke fama
- Yana goyan bayan matsi mai asara da marasa asara, bayyana, da motsi
Rashin fa'idoji
- Lokutan fassara mafi jinkiri idan aka kwatanta da JPEG da WebP, musamman a inganci mafi girma
- Har yanzu ba a goyan bayan shi ta duk editoyin hoto, dandamalin CMS, da shafukan sada zumunta na zamantakewa ba
- Goyan bayan fassara mai ci gaba yana iyakance, yana haifar da ganin lodi mai jinkiri
- Girman fayil mafi girma da rikitarwar tailing na iya rikitar da hotuna mafi girma sosai
- Tsari sabon a dangi tare da kayan aiki masu ci gaba da raunin jituwa na lokaci-lokaci
Jituwa
AVIF yana goyan bayan Chrome (85+), Firefox (93+), Safari (16.1+), da Edge (121+). Goyan baya a editoyin hoto yana ƙaruwa, tare da GIMP, Photoshop (ta ƙarin manhajoji), da ImageMagick duk suna goyan bayan AVIF. Goyan bayan hannu yana samuwa a Android 12+ da iOS 16+.
AVIF vs sauran tsarurruka
- AVIF vs JPEG
- AVIF yana samar da fayiloli har zuwa kashi 50% mafi ƙanƙanta fiye da JPEG a inganci iri ɗaya, tare da goyan bayan HDR, bayyana, da motsi. JPEG yana da jituwa ta duniya. AVIF shine zaɓi mafi kyau na fasaha amma yana buƙatar hotuna na baya don abokan ciniki tsofaffi.
- AVIF vs WebP
- AVIF yana cimma matsi mafi kyau da kashi 20-30% fiye da WebP tare da ingancin gani mafi kyau, da goyan bayan HDR da launi mafi yaɗuwa. WebP yana fassara da sauri sosai kuma yana da jituwa mafi yaɗuwa. AVIF shine nan gaba, amma WebP ya kasance tsakiyar hanya mai amfani.
- AVIF vs HEIC
- Dukkansu sun samo asali daga video codec (AV1 vs HEVC) kuma suna ba da inganci iri ɗaya. AVIF marar kuɗin haƙƙin mallaka ne kuma na yanar gizo ta asali tare da goyan bayan mai duba yanar gizo da ke ƙaruwa, yayin da HEIC ke ɗaurewa da tsarin Apple kuma yana da takunkumin kuɗin haƙƙin mallaka na HEVC.
Kayan aikin AVIF a My File Tool
Canza fayilolin AVIF zuwa sauran tsarurruka, ko canza sauran tsarurruka zuwa AVIF. Fayili na farko kyauta ne koyaushe.
Tambayoyi da ake yawan yi
- Shin duk masu duba yanar gizo suna goyan bayan AVIF?
- Duk manyan masu duba yanar gizo na zamani suna goyan bayan AVIF: Chrome tun daga 2020, Firefox tun daga 2021, da Safari tun daga 2022. Tsoffin sigar mai duba yanar gizo da wasu masu duba yanar gizo ƙanƙana na iya rashin goyan bayan shi, saboda haka ana ba da shawara hotuna na baya.
- Shin AVIF ya fi WebP kyau?
- AVIF gabaɗaya yana cimma matsi da ingancin gani mafi kyau fiye da WebP, musamman don hotuna. Kuma yana goyan bayan HDR da launi mai faɗi mafi yawa. Sai dai, WebP yana fassara da sauri kuma a halin yanzu yana da goyan bayan manhajoji mafi yaɗuwa.
- Me ya sa fassara fayilolin AVIF yana jinkiri?
- AVIF yana amfani da AV1 codec, wanda ke fifita ingancin matsi akan gudun fassara. Algorithms masu rikitarwa waɗanda ke samar da fayiloli mafi ƙanƙanta suna buƙatar lokaci mafi yawa na sarrafawa. Hanzarta ta na'ura da ingantattun fassara a hankali suna rage wannan tazara.
- Zan iya amfani da AVIF a shafina na yanar gizo yau?
- I, tare da dabarar baya. Yi amfani da HTML picture element don isar da AVIF ga masu duba yanar gizo masu goyan baya da JPEG ko WebP a matsayin baya. Wannan tsari yana tabbatar da duk baƙi suna ganin hotunanka yayin da masu duba yanar gizo na zamani ke cin moriyar fayiloli mafi ƙanƙanta.
- Shin AVIF yana goyan bayan hotuna na HDR?
- I, AVIF yana goyan bayan abubuwan HDR ta asali tare da zurfin launi har zuwa 12-bit da launin gamut mai faɗi kamar BT.2020. Wannan yana sa shi ya zama ɗaya daga cikin tsarurruka masu jituwa da yanar gizo masu iya nuna daukar hoto mai ƙarfin motsi mai girma.
Sauran jagorar nau'ikan
Kuna buƙatar canza AVIF?
Canza AVIF zuwa JPEG, PNG, ko WebP. Ko canza hotuna zuwa AVIF don matsi mafi girma. Kyauta, ba a buƙatar rajista.
Canza AVIF yanzu